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軟件設(shè)計師每日一練試題內(nèi)容（2021/7/31）

試題1： 裝飾器(Decorator)模式用于();外觀(Facade)模式用于()。
①將一個對象加以包裝以給客戶提供其希望的另外一個接口
②將一個對象加以包裝以提供一些額外的行為
③將一個對象加以包裝以控制對這個對象的訪問
④將一系列對象加以包裝以簡化其接口
B、A.①
B.②
C.③
D.④
D、A.①
B.②
C.③
D.④
試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/3934928768.html
試題參考答案：B、D

試題2：

以下關(guān)于增量開發(fā)模型的敘述中，不正確的是（）。
A．不必等到整個系統(tǒng)開發(fā)完成就可以使用
B．可以使用較早的增量構(gòu)件作為原型，從而獲得稍后的增量構(gòu)件需求
C．優(yōu)先級最高的服務(wù)先交付，這樣最重要的服務(wù)接受最多的測試
D．有利于進(jìn)行好的模塊劃分

試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/2533214770.html
試題參考答案：D

試題3：

E-R模型向關(guān)系模型轉(zhuǎn)換時，三個實體之間多對多的聯(lián)系m:n:p應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)換為一個獨立的關(guān)系模式，且該關(guān)系模式的關(guān)鍵字由（）組成。
A．多對多聯(lián)系的屬性
B．三個實體的關(guān)鍵字
C．任意一個實體的關(guān)鍵字
D．任意兩個實體的關(guān)鍵字

試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/247705679.html
試題參考答案：B

試題4：

函數(shù)main、f的定義如下所示。調(diào)用函數(shù)f時，第一個參數(shù)采用傳值(call by value)方式，第二個參數(shù)采用傳引用(call by referen)方式，則函數(shù)main執(zhí)行后輸出的值為（50）。

A．10
B．19
C．20
D．29
試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/395323491.html
試題參考答案：D

試題5：

以下關(guān)于軟件測試的敘述中，不正確的是（  ）。
A．在設(shè)計測試用例時應(yīng)考慮輸入數(shù)據(jù)和預(yù)期輸出結(jié)果
B．軟件測試的目的是證明軟件的正確性
C．在設(shè)計測試用例時，應(yīng)該包括合理的輸入條件
D．在設(shè)計測試用例時，應(yīng)該包括不合理的輸入條件

試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/2863521167.html
試題參考答案：B

試題6：

下面關(guān)于二叉排序樹的敘述，錯誤的是 （ ） 。
A、對二叉排序樹進(jìn)行中序遍歷，必定得到結(jié)點關(guān)鍵字的有序序列
B、依據(jù)關(guān)鍵字無序的序列建立二叉排序樹，也可能構(gòu)造出單支樹
C、若構(gòu)造二叉排序樹時進(jìn)行平衡化處理，則根結(jié)點的左子樹結(jié)點數(shù)與右子樹結(jié)點數(shù)的差值一定不超過 1
D、若構(gòu)造二叉排序樹時進(jìn)行平衡化處理，則根結(jié)點的左子樹高度與右子樹高度的差值一定不超過 1

試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/81952822.html
試題參考答案：C

試題7：

Traditional structured analysis techniques focus upon the flow of （1）within a
system. Object-oriented analysis emphasizes the building of real-world models. It examines
requirements from the perspective of the classes and objects found in the vocabulary of
the（2）domain.
Traditional system design method emphasizes the proper and effective structure of a
complex system. Object-oriented design method encompasses the process of object-oriented
decomposition and a （3） for depicting both logical and physical as well as static and
dynamic models of the system under design.
Object-oriented programming is a method of implementation in which programs are organized
as cooperative collections of objects, each of which represents an （4）of some class, and whose　classes are all members of a hierarchy of classes united via （5） relationships.
（1）A、control 
B、program 
C、data 
D、reference
（2）A、problem 
B、solution 
C、data 
D、program
（3）A、mark 
B、picture 
C、symbol 
D、notation
（4）A、instance 
B、example 
C、existence 
D、implementation
（5）A、control 
B、inheritance 
C、inference 
D、connection 

試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/76622638.html
試題參考答案：C、A、D、A、B

試題8： 甲、乙兩軟件公司于2012年7月12日就其財務(wù)軟件產(chǎn)品分別申請“用友”和“用有”商標(biāo)注冊。兩財務(wù)軟件相似，甲第一次使用時間為2009年7月，乙第一次使用時間為2009年5月。此情形下， (11) 能獲準(zhǔn)注冊。  
A.“用友”  
B.“用友”與“用有”都  
C.“用有”  
D.由甲、乙抽簽結(jié)果確定誰
試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/3803123890.html
試題參考答案：C

試題9：

Software entities are more complex for their size than perhaps any other humanconstruct, because no two parts are alike （at least above the statement level）. If they are, wemake the two similar parts into one, a（ 71 ）, open or closeD． In this respect software systemsdiffer profoundly from computers, buildings, or automobiles, where repeated elements abounD．
Digital computers . are themselves more complex than most things people build;they have very large numbers of states This makes conceiving, describing, and testing them harD． Software systems have orders of magnitude more（ 72 ）Likewise, a scaling-up of a software entity is not m erely a repetition of the same elementsm larger size; it is necessarily an mcrease in the number of different elements. In most cases, the elements interact with each other in some（ 73 ）fashion: and the complexity of the wholencreases much more than linearly.
The complexity of software is a（an）（ 74 ）property, not an accidental one Hencedescriptions of a software entity that abstract away its complexity often abstract away its essence.Mathematics and the physical sciences made great strides for threecenturies by constructingsimplified models of complex phenomena, deriving properties fiom the models, and verifyingthose properties experimentally. This worked because
the complexities（ 75 ） in the modelswere not the .essential properties of the phenomena: It does not work when the complexities are the essence.Many of the classical problems of developing software products derive from this essential complexi and its nonlinear uicreases with size. Not only .technical problems but management problems as well come from the coin plexity.
71：
A． task
B．job
C．subroitune
D．Program
72：
A．tstates
B．parts
C．conditions
D．Expressions
73：
A．linear
B; nonlinear
C．Parallel
D．Addititive74：
A surface
B． Outside
C．exterior
D．Essential
75：
A． fixed
B． Included
C．ignored
D．stabilized

試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/2866223790.html
試題參考答案：C、A、B、D、C

試題10：

將高級語言源程序先轉(zhuǎn)化為一種中間代碼是現(xiàn)代編譯器的常見處理方式。常用的中間代碼有后綴式、（ ）、樹等。
A．前綴碼
B．三地址碼
C．符號表
D．補碼和移碼

試題解析與討論：www.xomuzic.com/st/2532613965.html
試題參考答案：B